UNAIDS indicate safer sexual practices of the declining rate of new HIV infectionsThe report includes data from 182 countriesNew HIV infection rates rise in some Eastern European and Central Asian countriesThe number of new HIV infections outpaces the number of people who started treatment
(CNN)--new HIV infections decreased by almost 20 percent over the past decade, and deaths associated with HIV/AIDS is less than one sixth of approximately five years, according to a new United Nations report released Tuesday.
Data from 2010 report by UNAIDS on the global AIDS EPIDEMIC shows that an estimated 2.6 million people became newly infected with HIV, compared with an estimated 3.1 million people infected in 1999.
In 2009, approximately 1.8 million people die from diseases related to HIV/AIDS, compared with roughly 2.1 million in 2004, said in a new version of the Joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).
AIDS orphans get a healthy meal in Kenya
Among young people in 15 of the most severely affected countries, the proportion of new HIV infections has fallen by more than 25%, led by the new enactment safer sexual practices, according to UNAIDS.
"Our breaking the trajectory of the AIDS epidemic with bold actions and smart choices," Michel Sidibe, Executive Director of UNAIDS, said. "Investment repaid in response to HIV/AIDS, but profits are fragile--the challenge now is how we can all work to accelerate progress. "
The exhibition 2010 includes HIV data from 182 countries.
But not all news is good.
"Even though the number of new HIV infections is reduced, there are two new HIV infections per person starting HIV treatment," said UNAIDS.
Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region most affected by the epidemic, with 69 percent of all new HIV infections, according to UNAIDS.
In seven countries, mainly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, new HIV infection rates have increased by 25 percent.
UNAIDS said in the Asia-Pacific, 90 per cent of countries have laws that restrict the rights of people living with HIV.
Despite the lower numbers of new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths, UNAIDS said resource demand is outpacing the supply.
"Donor Government disbursements for the AIDS response in 2008 amounted to $ 7.6 billion, down from 7.7 billion dollars available in 2008," said UNAIDS. "Reductions in international investment will affect most low-income countries--almost 90 percent rely on international funding for AIDS programmes. "
View the original article here
The Ministry of Health reported that after the Friday, 917 had it dead and more than 14.600 were hospitalized with cholera-like symptoms in the hospital. That is until from 724 11,125 hospitalizations and deaths reported a few days ago.
The disease was in 6 of Haiti's 10 provinces, known as departments, found and where it arose Artibonite, which accounts for almost two-thirds of the deaths.
Several epidemiologists have said the disease has passed its peak and will likely worsen and break health officials out in other regions of the country, with un, the estimate approximately 270,000 ill may be made in the coming years.Several new cholera treatment centres are springing up in the capital and other areas.
"The trend is rising and it's material from Department to Department," ROC Magloire, Ministry of Health's said epidemiologist in a telephone interview on the Sonntag.Er referred questions the Ministry Director General, Gabriel Timothée, who could not be reached.
Hospitals in Port-au-Prince, where more than one million earthquakes refugees in congested, squalid tent camps live are overflowing with patients, the cholera symptoms and the death of toll has reached 27.The disease was first reported in the capital on November 8.
President René Préval, at a conference about the disease on Sunday in Port-au-Prince, urged people to wash your hands frequently and drink only water, the associated press reported.But even before the earthquake, the majority of the population lack access to clean water and sanitation.
Cholera, a bacterium that lives in feces contaminated water, causes severe diarrhea and vomiting, dehydration, and his victims in hours without killing format.the treatment rate of serious cases, 30 to 40 percent, is that cholera there for 40 years in Haiti as the 25 percent during a typical outbreak due to extreme poverty, unsanitary conditions and the fact far higher.
"If we around and give advice on food hygiene, tell me," Let me have SOAP, I can't afford it,' "Leonard Doyle, a spokesman for the International Organization for migration, said is an agency, the distribution of Wasserreinigungs tablets and cleaning supplies."
On Friday, $ 164 million of humanitarian organisations called the United Nations and a strategy to support the Government on the disease geschaffen.Das respond donors biggest piece of the plan is $ 89 million for clean water, sanitation and hygiene.
Officials in the neighbouring country, the Dominican Republic, say are markets bordering limit and cholera reached the other steps the country where thousands of people live and work.
One suspected case turned out to be cholera, the country's Health Minister listin Diario which said that the Dominican Republic said Sunday, after a Dominican newspaper, 7,500 to 10,000 treat cholera patients.
This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:
FIX: November 16, 2010
An article on Monday about the rising death toll of the cholera epidemic spreading in Haiti wrong is the name of the chief epidemiologist in the Gesundheitsministerium.Er ROC Magloire, not Magliore.
View the original article here
Error in deserializing body of reply message for operation 'Translate'. The maximum string content length quota (8192) has been exceeded while reading XML data. This quota may be increased by changing the MaxStringContentLength property on the XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas object used when creating the XML reader. Line 1, position 8896
The findings represent to enormous advance in cancer detection that could potentially save thousands of lives annually, although at considerable expense. Lung cancer will claim about 157,000 lives this year more than the deaths from colorectal, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers combined.Most patients discover their disease too late for treatment, and 85 percent from it.
No. screening method had proved effective at reducing mortality from the disease.Four randomized controlled trials done during the 1970s showed that chest x-rays, while they helped catch cancers at an earlier stage, had no effect on overall death rates.Since then, researchers have suggested that CT scans, which use coordinated x-rays to provide three dimensional views--could detect lung tumors at at even earlier stage than x-rays.
"This is the first time that we have seen clear evidence of a significant reduction in lung cancer mortality with a screening test in a randomized controlled trial," said Dr. Christine Berg of the National Cancer Institute.
Cancer doctors and others predicted that the study's results would soon lead to widespread use of CT scans, in particular for older smokers who have a one in 10 chance of contracting lung cancer.
"These people are worried about lung cancer, and now there is an opportunity to offer them something," said Dr. Mary Reid, associate professor of oncology at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo.
But health officials involved in the study refused to endorse widespread screening of current or former smokers, saying more analysis of the study's results is needed to further identify who benefited most. Such an analysis is months away. And they pointed out that the study offers no Réassurance about the safety of smoking or the advisability of CT scans for younger smokers or nonsmokers.
"No. one should come away from this thinking that it's now safe to continue to smoke," said Dr. Harold E. VARMUS, director of the National Cancer Institute.
Patients wishing to get a CT lung screen will most likely have to pay roughly $300 charge themselves, since few insurers pay for such scans unless an illness is suspected.The federal Medicare program will soon reconsider paying for such screens, a Medicare official said.
The study, called the National Lung screening trial, was conducted by the American College of Radiology Imaging Network and the cancer institute. It involved more than 53,000 people ages 55 to 74 who had smoked at least 30 pack years - one pack a day for 30 years or two packs a day for 15 years. Ex-smokers who had quit within the previous 15 years were included in the group.
Each what given either a standard chest x-ray of or a low - dose CT scan at the start of the trial and then twice more over the next two years.Participants were followed for up to five years. There were 354 lung cancer deaths among those who received CT scans and 442 among those who got X rays. The $250 million study, which began in 2002, was paid for by the cancer institute and carried out at 33 sites.
Its preliminary results were announced days after an independent monitoring board determined that the benefits of CT scans were strong enough to stop the trial. The study will be published in the coming months.
The study found that for every 300 people who were screened, one person lived who would otherwise have died during the study. But one quarter of those given CT scans were found to have anomalies, nearly all of which were benign.These false signals generally led to more worry, more CT scans and sometimes to lung biopsies and thoracic surgery.
"There are economic, medical and psychological consequences of finding these abnormalities," Dr. VARMUS said.
Deaths due to all causes declined by 7 percent among study participants who received CT scans, suggesting the tests helped to detect other life-threatening diseases besides lung cancer.
Dr. Claudia Henschke, a clinical professor of radiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center and a longtime advocate for use of CT to screen for lung cancer, said the study was likely to have underestimated the benefits of CT scans because participants were screened only three times. Had the screening continued for 10 years, as many as 80 percent of lung cancer deaths could have been averted, she said. Dr. Henschke's research has been controversial because of its statistical methods and its financing, which included money from a tobacco company.She earns royalties from makers of CT machines.
"What we also have found is that low - dose CT scan gives information on cardiovascular disease, emphysema" and other pulmonary diseases, Dr. Henschke said."Those are the three big killers of older people.""There is just tremendous potential."
But Dr. Edward F. Patz, Jr., professor of radiology at Duke who helped put the study, said hey what far from convinced that a thorough analysis would show that widespread CT screening would prove beneficial in preventing most lung cancer deaths.Dr. said that Patz the biology of lung cancer has long suggested that the size of cancerous lung tumors tells little about the stage of the disease.
"If we look at this study carefully we may suggest that there is some benefit in high-risk control, but I'm not there yet," Dr. Patz said.
Since smoke 46 million people in the United States and tens of millions more once smoked, a widespread screening program could cost billions annually.Any further refinement of those most at risk could reduce those costs.Low-dose CT scans expose patients to about the same radiation levels as mammograms.Little is known about how the cumulative risks of years of such scans would balance the benefits.
The study's results could have both legal and political consequences.Suits against tobacco companies have sought to force cigarette makers to pay for annual CT screens of former smokers.But with the science uncertain, those claims have so far been rebuffed.Congress has diverted some research money to create pilot CT lung screening programs, diversions that may gain momentum now.
Some Obama administration officials f.d.a. during the debate on the health care law that patients' health was often harmed by getting too many tests and procedures that, if reduced, would improve health while reducing costs.This study suggests that, at least in lung cancer, spending more on tests saves lives.
Laurie Fenton, president of the Lung Cancer Alliance, which has lobbied for widespread CT lung screening, said the debate about the advisability of such scans is now over.
"The challenge now shifts from proving the efficacy of the method to developing the proper quality standards, infrastructure and guidelines to bring this needed benefit to those at high risk for the disease - now," Ms. Fenton said.
But Dr. Peter B. Bach, a pulmonologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, said no one should rush out and get a CT scan yet because further analysis will better define whom the screening helped.
"Very soon we'll have an answer about who should be screened and how frequently," Dr Bach said, "but we don't of have that answer today."
View the original article here
